The Revolutionary Style Of Art - 1555 Words

As we continue to study art history, we were impressed to discover how the human beings are looking every day for change and develop, and the art work as a mirror that reflect that change. Starting from Neoclassicism art which was a reaction to the Rococo art. To the Romanticism art that was a reaction to the Neoclassicism art, and reaching the Realism art which was a reaction to both Neoclassicism and Romanticism arts. All these art movements came as a reaction to the previous one, but that does not mean that the artist of the new art would reject the preceding art elements completely. The artist would reshape some of the former art elements and work to develop them in order to reflect the era change constantly. The era change continuously, but the subject matter in all these art movements have a similar content. The subject matter we choose to talk about is the revolutionary style in these movement and how the artist in that art manner present his ideas about the revolution in his time. Neo Classicism The Neoclassical art came as a reaction to the silliness of the Rococo art style and to the emotion fullness of the Baroque art. Neoclassical art was a serious art and unemotional which was influenced by the ancient Greece and Rome art. The neoclassical art look back to Poussin’s art as inspiration. Neoclassicists wanted to express the intellectuality in their art. To examine this art, we choose to study a painting that tell a story from the ClassicalShow MoreRelatedContemporary Artist : Walton Ford Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesAudubon and other Naturalists in the style of the paintings. Walton Ford creates paintings that are considered a new and modern style. The paintings created represent more than an animal in a habitat. Ford creates paintings that makes the viewer wonder if the painting is cheerful and natural, or grotesque and disturbing. By putting a twist on a traditional style, Ford intrigues the viewers and creates a revolutionary change in how people view modern and traditional art. Walton Ford creates paintingsRead MoreImpressionism And Its Influence On Art716 Words   |  3 Pagesoften considered the first, true, modern art style. Do you agree with this statement, or not? In your post, please refer to both Impressionist images and earlier art to support your discussion. According to Giuntini the period of modernism began in 1850 and goes to 1960. (2015, para. 2) Moreover, Giuntini continued that it started with Realist and ended with Abstract Impressionism. Other sources say that Impressionism was the first truly modern artistic style. I am a tendency to agree with that statementRead MoreKazimir Malevich As A Modernist719 Words   |  3 Pagesmodernist. I will present how his means of expression and style changed with time, making references to his work, history and cultural context. First, I will explain the principles of avant-garde and modernism, and show painters background. Secondly, I will research on the beginnings of his work, and how he came to suprematism. Then I will focus on the final period of his life and artwork. Kazimir Malevich was a Russian painter and art theorist, living at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuriesRead MoreAnalysis Of Jan Van Eyck s The Dutch And Flemish1721 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing inspiration from their Italian neighbors, and the International Gothic style, they looked forward and redefined painting as a style, while also changing arts meaning. Making the characters true to life in artwork was a new feat never before seen until the High Renaissance in Italy. Jan Van Eyck took the Netherlands by storm by renovating the International Gothic style, and creating a more naturalistic style that spawned dozens of copiers, and inspired artists to strive for a more realisticRead More20th Century and Atonal Music Essay examples862 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor: Leslie Berry Midterm Bella Lee 1. Between 1900 and 1925, traditional norms were violated or abandoned in art, music, and literature. What factors might have brought about this situation? Offer specific examples to illustrate your general statements (think of Picasso, Matisse, Brancusi, and Mondrian). Pablo Picasso, who was born in Malaga, Spain, changed and created new style of painting while moving from a place to another. He went throng his blue period, in which he used different shadesRead More Emory Douglas: All Power to the People1059 Words   |  5 PagesGun-slinging, militant-looking, irate adolescent African American men, women, and children: an incessant image employed by the revolutionary artist Emory Douglas. Douglas is perhaps one of the most iconic artists’ of the 20th century and has created thousands of influential protest images that remain unforgettable to this day. Through the use of compelling images Emory Douglas aided in defining the distinct visual aesthetic of the Black Panther Party’s newspapers, pamphlets, and posters. It wasRead MoreEssay on The Surrealist Movement in Arts Influence on Fashion1528 Words   |  7 PagesI will account for how the Surrealist movement in art has influenced the progress and growth of fashion worldwide and o ur sense of appearance. Furthermore, this essay will analyse the influence that surrealism has been having on fashion today. I will also be discussing the influence that Elsa Schiaparelli has been having on the distinct creation of surrealism in fashion, focusing specifically on how she became the leading figure in merging art with fashion by introducing surrealist ideas in herRead MoreKorda Essay795 Words   |  4 Pagesevents have been captured through art for centuries. Photography is one form of art that has documented and symbolized historic events that are still used today as historical documents. A Cuban photographer, Alberto Diaz Gutierrez, also known as Alberto Korda, famously documented the events of the Cuban Revolution. Alberto Korda became the world’s most famous Cuban photographer for his photography, documenting history of the revolution with over 55,000 revolutionary themed photographs. Korda wasRead MoreThe Film Red Detachment Of Women1541 Words   |  7 PagesIn subsequent years following the establishment of the People’s Republic of China came a revolutionary new approach to not only producing films, but also film’s very role in communist society. During this period the state gained complete control of the filmmaking industry, decreeing that the utilitarian functions of art and literature were to become a powerful weapon in serving the revolutionary struggle. In an otherwise artistically stifling period in which socialist realism pervaded all creativeRead MoreThe Renaissance in Europe1418 Words   |  6 Pagesdescribes the rebirth of art and learning that occurred in Europe between the 1400s and 1600s. During the era known as the Renaissance, Europe underwent a cultural movement in which people regained interest in the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome. A renewed interest in philosophy and human individuality lead to the development of more wor ldly and nonreligious focuses. Europe sought knowledge from the ancient world and moved out of the Dark Ages. There was an explosion in art, literature, and architecture

Essay on The Effect of Technology on a Persons Attention...

Mom, I need to go Im driving. Just text me what you need to say, its faster. And those were the last words this mother heard from her daughter before she was in a fatal car accusent. The luxuries that this modern-day society had developed is great in some aspects, but the underlying truth of the matter is that the fast paced nature of technology is handicapping some to the extent that they cannot even hold a decent conversation. In the novel, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradybury, the poem, The Sound of Silence by Paul Simon, and also the article, Social Websites Hirt Childrens Brains: Chilling Warning to Parents From Top Neuroscientist, technology is symbolically used to show that it effects the attention span, the ability to†¦show more content†¦The fast paced technology of today is slowly consuming the entire populous of not only first world nations but third world nations are developing technology as well. Slowly but surely, our ways are changing as well as the ways we go abou t problem solving. ..fools said I, You do not know- Silence like a cancer grows. - Hear my words that I might teach you - Take my arms that I might reach you,- But my words like silent raindrops fell-And echoed- In the wells of silence,(Simon 8-14). The silent raindrops that Simon is talking about, are the people spreading technology without setting boundaries to prevent the downsides from happening. As one person gets wet from the raindrops of a storm, another does as well, and so on like a domino effect. The domino effect has been in play with our world ever since the industrial revolution. With technology advancing more and more by the day, millions of the next and current generation are vulnerable to the effects of it. As we know technology takes away from your ability to focus, but also brings your state of mind back a couple years to decades. My fear is that these technologies are infantilizing the brain into the state of small children who areShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Techno logy On Our Lives1065 Words   |  5 PagesWe live in an age where technology is practically unavoidable if you live in a developed area. We don’t realize how much we really rely on technology in almost every facet of our lives. It’s a known fact that it is almost inevitable it will keep advancing, which is imperative to our development; but what about its social effects? There is no doubt in anybody’s mind that technology has definitely helped keep people in better contact than ever before, but the in-person interaction has actually hadRead MoreLifespan Perspectives1061 Words   |  5 Pagesanother, each human develops partly like everyone else, yet partly like no one else. Most of the time human’s attention is focused on one another’s unique qualities instead of realizing how similar humans really are. In fact, as humans, almost everyone has traveled some similar path. People such as, President Barack Obama, Joan of Arc, and Marilyn Monroe shared similar paths of life span development. Each one began to walk at approximately age one, began to talk sentences at about age four, asRead MoreIs Google Making Us Stupid969 Words   |  4 PagesThe internet can be great source of information, but it has a negative effect on the human brain. In Nicholas Carr’s essay â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid†, he describes how the internet has negatively effected his brain by stating, â€Å"Once I was a scuba diver in the sea of words. Now I zip along the surface like a guy on a Jet Ski† (Carr 733). The internet has a huge impact on the thinking process of the human brain and it is completely changing the human ability to concentrate for long periods of timeRead MoreThe Effects Of Technology On Teen s Brain Development1708 Words   |  7 Pages In the world today, the predominant force in teen’s lives is the use of their mobile devices, computers, and other forms of electronics. As the use of technology increases, concerns are growing about the amount of screen time teens should be exposed to, and if the use of technology can affect a teen’s brain development. The American Academy of Pediatrics, or the AAP, is considering raising the two hour screen time limit to four hours because of the growing use of electronics in our day and ageRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Teenagers939 Words   |  4 PagesIn a teenager’s daily they are consumed by the wonders of today’s technology and the social interactions during the day. This extended schedule for teenagers can cause many problems such as sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation in teenagers can cause a lot of problems, in addition to that sleep deprivation is the leading cause of sleep disorders and depression. Sleep deprivation in teen ager can have negative effects in their lives, especially academically and socially. There are different causesRead MoreEssay on Multitasking is A Bad Habit974 Words   |  4 Pagesthe help of technology, many believe that multitasking is becoming a required and helpful skill. Multitasking is actually a detrimental habit. Multitasking divides a persons concentration in order to attempt to complete multiple actions. Even though in the end the tasks are all finished, the quality of the finished task and the time required to finish all the tasks makes multitasking very inefficient. In addition, this division of concentration is causing many people to not pay attention. For mostRead MoreDoes Electronic Communication Affect Our Lives?941 Words   |  4 PagesPhones have taken over In people’s everyday lives, they’re using their phone whether it be for social media, business, or even contacting someone. Electronic communication has a negative effect on our ability to interact with each other because attention spans tend to shorten, they don’t pay attention, and it makes people socially awkward. When having a conversation with someone while they’re on their phone could be a bit distracting. For instance, you’re talking to a friend and your phone receivesRead MoreThe Merriam-Webster dictionary defines technology as, â€Å"The practical application of knowledge in a1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe Merriam-Webster dictionary defines technology as, â€Å"The practical application of knowledge in a particular area.† Although, this word with Greek origins is rather lacking in corporeal meaning seeing as it’s used to collectively describe and depict many things including: advancements, inventions, ideas, knowledge and abilities of we as the whole of humanity. Technology has come far from the ancient humans effectively creating flames to the sprawling metropolises, electronics, and rockets ofRead MoreGenetic Disorders: Angelman Syndrome866 Words   |  3 Pageshe called it â€Å"Happy Puppet Syndrome†. He had observed three children that were admitted to his practice that all displayed similar conditions. He was unable to prove that these children were suffering from â€Å"Happy Puppet Syndrome† because of the technology he had so he decided not to publish any of his research on this disorder. It was not until he was on vacation and saw a painting of a boy with a puppet, which reminded him of the children that he had treated, that he decided to report his findingsRead MoreNegative Effects Of Internet Addiction1577 Words   |  7 Pagesinternet. In this day and era, it is impossible to function without the internet. It has been etched into our daily lives – our lives do depend on it in the very literal sense! While the internet has several negative impacts, it has a couple of positive effects as well. Along with oxygen and food, internet has been added onto the list of necessities for survival – especially for the newer and upcoming generation. Internet addiction disorder (IAD) was proposed long ago in 1995 by Ivan Goldberg. IUD is also

East of Eden free essay sample

East of Eden deplores many religious matters, specifically, the concepts of sibling rivalry and the age old battle between good and evil. In the biblical Book of Genesis, the brothers Cain and Abel offer God the father a sacrifice. God favors the shepherd Abels sacrifice of his best lamb over the farmer Cains grain. Subsequently, in a Jealous rage, Cain kills his brother Abel, only to be marked by God and banished to wander the earth. Stanford dropout, John Steinbeck applies the story of Genesis heavily in East of Eden; the concepts of this iblical allusion are evident in both generations of brothers. In each generation, one of the Trask brothers is moral and good while the other brother behaves badly and immorally, already we see how the Trask family parallels Genesis. Because the good Trask brothers are favored, the bad Trask brothers develop envious tendencies and a recurrent theme of sibling rivalry appears throughout the book. We will write a custom essay sample on East of Eden or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first generation of Trask brothers, Charles and Adam, follow the Cain and Abel biblical model from the very beginning. .. its awful not to be loved. Its the worst thing in the world t makes you mean, and violent, and cruel. (Steinbeck 347). This quote epitomizes the root of all evil in the Trask generations- lack of recognition to one of the sons. When their deadbeat father Cyrus favors Adams birthday gift of a puppy over Charles expensive knife, Charles nearly beats Adam to death. Although Charles does not kill Adam, he is a clear allusion to Cain. While Adam wanders the Earth in the army, it is Charles who remains on the farm, where like Cain, he becomes marked with a dark brown scar. Adam therefor, is reflected as Abel. Humans are caught†in their lives, in their thoughts, in their hungers and ambitions, in their avarice and cruelty, and in their kindness and generosity too†in a net of good and evil. (127). This quote is a clear representation of the Adam and Charles relationship throughout the novel. The incident that occurred over a simple birthday gift sparked a Jealous rage that caused Charles and Adam to remain at odds with each other throughout their entire lives despite their love for each other. The next generation of Trask brothers, the dark haired Cal and fair-haired Aaron, also carry out the dynamics of the Cain and Abel tale. Cals Jealousy towards Aron is due to the favoritism that Aron receives from their father Adam; this is especially seen through an episode that resulted in Aarons death. For some reason, Adam favors Aron over Cal and when Cal offers his father a birthday present of $1 5,000 to help him recover his financial losses, Adam scorns him for making the money during a war-time economy. In a rage, Cal takes his brother to isit the notorious prostitute that birthed the two boys. Emotionally traumatized, Aaron runs away to the army during World War l, and dies soon after. Cal lies to Adam when asked about Aarons whereabouts. Where is he? How do I know? said Cal. Am I supposed to look after him? (p. 562). This sequence between Cal and Adam portrays the emotional barrier between the two that seems to bring out the untruthfulness in Cal that reflects his ancient parallel, Cain. Thus, the biblical tale plays out with Cal, although inadvertently, killing his brother. It might be the most important word in the world. That says the way is open. That throws it right back on a the concept of timshel. While psychologically shattered Adam reminisces over Cathy, Lee and Samuel share philosophical discussions over the ancient Hebrew word timshel. Timshel defies the pattern in the Cain and Abel tale, rather than condemning the less favored brother to a life of sin it pursues the issue of free will and grants Cal the strength to depart from the inherently bound evil motives that ossessed him at an early age. East of Eden free essay sample This paper is an analysis and review of the many topics that are presented in John Steinbecks book, East of Eden. This paper is a detailed examination of the different themes that John Steinbeck raises in his book, East of Eden. The author discusses the significance of the storys setting and the different family themes that are dealt with throughout the story as the many different family members history are detailed. The author breaks down the individual characters, their symbolism and relevance to the continuity of the family saga. As life progresses for the three men, all three separate themselves, which brings a peace treaty of sorts. My sympathies are still toward Adam, who deals with the emotional problems he has gotten from his childhood. Charles has turned into a more likeable person, and the evil that was once so dominant in him has almost disappeared by the time the brothers are reunited in chapter seven. We will write a custom essay sample on East of Eden or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The evil has died with Cyrus, and the interaction between the two brothers reflects that. I almost breathed a sigh of relief when Cyrus is finally dead, but it is amazing how quickly fate takes over the story again, and how Steinbeck weaves a new loop into the story.

The Causes of the Persian Gulf War free essay sample

An American perspective on the three main motives of the war. This paper looks at the American perspective on the motives of the the Persian Gulf War. This author discusses the war beginning with a complete history on the state of Iraq that lead to its war with Kuwait and America. Two dozen U.S. and British aircrafts bombed five radar and other anti-aircraft sites around Baghdad with guided missiles yesterday in the first major military action of the Bush administration. It was the largest airstrike against Iraq in two years and hit sites near the Iraqi capital, a significant departure from the low-key enforcement of no-fly zones in the countrys south and north. The U.S.-led alliance declared the zones off-limits to Iraqi aircrafts after the Persian Gulf War. President Bush, speaking at a new conference in Mexico alongside the Mexican President, Vicente Fox, called the raid routine. We will write a custom essay sample on The Causes of the Persian Gulf War or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But it was widely interpreted in Washington and other world capitals as presaging a get-tough attitude by the new administration toward a country that has vexed U.S. policymakers for more than a decade. Saddam Hussein has got to understand we expect him to conform to the agreement that he signed after The Desert Storm, Bush said (Ricks A1)

Urban Economics The Urbanization Process and its Effects

Introduction The human society can generally be divided into urban and rural inhabitants. For centuries, the majority of the global population lived in rural settlements. However, this trend has been reversed in the last few centuries with more people joining urban settlements. In the last few decades, the world’s population has experienced a great transformation as the urbanization process has taken root.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Urban Economics: The Urbanization Process and its Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The year 2007 was a tipping point when the global urban population became greater than the rural population. This made the world predominantly urban and this trend is expected to continue with the projections indicating that 60% of the world’s population will be living in urban settlements by the year 2030. Considering the prevalence of urbanization in the modern world an d the importance attached to this process, this paper will set out to discuss urbanization. It will begin by providing a historical overview of the process and trace out how urbanization has progressed over the centuries. The paper will then discuss some of the impacts that urbanization has had on society including economic effects, environmental effects, and social effects. Urbanization: A Brief History The size and number of urban settlements in the world have grown impressively over the last century. By definition, urbanization is referred to as â€Å"the process by which rural areas become urbanized because of economic development and industrialization†.1 Researchers indicate that urbanization is initiated when a society develops from the agricultural to the industrial sector.2 In addition to this, urbanization is also caused by the movement of people from rural areas to urban centers that are characterized by high industrialization and greater economic development. Urban areas are normally the centers of trade and commerce in the country. When compared to the rural areas, urban settlements have larger and denser populations. The phenomena of urbanization can be traced back to many millenniums ago. Historians document that around 6,000 years ago, the earliest form of urban life emerged in the geographical region currently occupied by Iraq. These early urban settlements were built around areas where traders converged. Trade was therefore the key catalyst of urbanization. The next major urban settlement took place in South America. Due to the significant agricultural conquest of the Mayans and their complex political organization, urban centers were able to develop. Advancements in Mayan building technology led to the implementation of architectural complexes.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Administrative and economic hubs were establish ed at the epicenter of these complexes and clusters of residential houses were clustered around them. The Chinese built the first large urban settlements in the 13th century and they continued to do this over the following centuries. Some of the major cities built by the Chinese such as Hangzhou and Chang’an were populated with over a million inhabitants making China home to the first large cities of the world.3 Due to the success of the Chinese cities, great dynasties were established and the Chinese civilization witnessed significant advancements. Until the end of the eighteenth century, the bigger percentage of the global population lived in rural settlements. The urban population was scarce due to limited food supplies and poor transportation networks. By 1850, the urban population was only 4% of the entire human population and there were only 110 cities in the whole world with a population above 100,000.4 Most of these cities were located in Europe, Asia, and the America s. The growth of urbanization began earnestly during the nineteenth century. The growth in the urbanization process was accompanied by a marked rise in the world’s population. People migrated in large numbers to the urban centers where they took up work in the industries.5 Europe and the United States experienced the greatest levels of urbanization starting from the mid nineteenth century. By 1890, 20% of the European and American population could be found in urban settlements. The urbanization process in these regions became more intense during the twentieth century and by 1950, the urban population had surpassed 20% in Europe and the US. Urbanization occurred significantly later in the developing world. While high levels of urbanization had been realized in Europe, the Americas, Asia and Australia by the year 1950, limited urbanization existed in South Asia, East Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Urban Economics: The U rbanization Process and its Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the rate of urbanization started to increase in the late 20th century and by the beginning of the 21st century, a significant portion of the developing world’s population lived in urban settlements.6 Presently, the developing world is experiencing the highest rate of urban growth. Urbanization has led to the growth of large cities (with a population of over a million) and mega cities (with a population of over 10 million inhabitants). In the initial stages, urban cities were classified as those with over 100,000 inhabitants. However, the population of cities has exploded and today a city with 100,000 people is considered small. The phenomenon of mega-cities has started to take root in all continents. London was the first megacity at around 1990 with a population of 10million.7 However, the number of megacities has increased and by 2005, there were 20 megacities with the majority of these being in developing nations, most notably China and India. Effects of Urbanization Urbanization has some significant consequences on the society. As has been noted from its definition, urbanization promotes development and it leads to increased population density as it promotes the movement of people from one geographical area to another. These occurrences have some significant impacts that can be classified as follows. Economic Effects The economy of a country is greatly influenced by the urbanization process. The correlation between urbanization and economic development can be seen from the fact that all developed nations exhibit high levels of urbanization. Reports indicate that highly industrialized countries such as the US, Germany and Britain have over 75% of their population living in urban areas.8 Urbanization has gained ground in modern society and it is expected to keep growing. Presently, rapid urbanization is mostly taking place in d eveloping nations. High urbanization is seen as a tool for development and many nations have embarked on intensified urbanization projects. The United Nations reports that by the year 2008, over half the world’s population will be living in urban areas. Urbanization encourages global trade by promoting specialization and mass production of goods. Pellow rightfully notes that modernity is almost universally equated with the degree to which a nation has succeeded in urbanizing itself and integrating its urban centers into the global economy.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through novel technology, a country is able to produce goods that can be sold in the global market for a profit increasing the economic well being of the country. By producing goods that can be exported to other countries and creating a market for foreign products, urban centres promote international trade. The influence that urbanization has on the global economy is evident from the fact that the top 600 urban centers in the world generate almost 60% of the whole world’s GDP.9 In addition to this, urbanization promotes trade by increasing the individual consumption level. Researchers agree that urban settlements command an increasingly dominant role in the global economy.10 These are the major centers of both production and consumption. People in urban centers purchase many goods and services due to their increased purchasing power and needs. The overall economy of the country is stimulated by the increased consumption encouraged by urbanization. Urbanization increases the j ob opportunities for the population. This is achieved through the high level of diversification of commercial activities in the country encouraged by urbanization.11 While the rural economy is typically based on agriculture, the urban economy is based on a wide variety of industries and trade opportunities. Individuals are able to seek employment in the various avenues presented by urbanization . In addition to the formal sector in the urban settlements, there are many informal jobs available. The informal sector, which springs up due to urbanization, plays an integral role in the economy of nations. For many developing nations, the informal sector creates many jobs leading to lower unemployment rates. The role of the informal sector is especially prominent in developing nations where 33% to 50% of all output is generated by this sector.12 Environmental Effects Urbanization has some significant impacts on the environment. While the impact of urbanization on the environment was not v ery dramatic, the recent rise of large and megacities has increased the environmental impact that urbanization brings about. To begin with, urbanization has increased the rate at which natural resources are depleted.13 Building huge urban settlements requires more resources that sustaining a rural settlement. Resources such as timber, iron, and stones to name but a few have been exploited to build large cities. Urbanization has had a negative effect on water resources. Huge water resources are required to operate cities. To provide for the enormous water needs of the urban settlements, groundwater has been exploited extensively. Groundwater is the main water source for use in industry, irrigation, and drinking for most urban settlements.14 This overuse of water has had a negative effect on the land above the water bearing aquifers. Land subsidence is one of the negative impacts of groundwater exploitation. This phenomenon refers to the lowering of the land surface due to the compact ing of clay layers within an aquifer due to overexploitation of the water reserves.15 Land subsidence causes disruption of road surfaces and it leads to the development of cracks in buildings. The over-exploitation of groundwater has also contributed to the destruction of wetlands and lakes. As more water is drawn from the ground, the level of infiltration of water from inland rivers, wetlands and lakes increases. This leads to a decline in surface water and wetlands are destroyed. Urbanization has contributed to environmental pollution. The pollution has mostly occurred in regions where urbanization has occurred in an unplanned fashion.16 In these regions, open drains of raw and untreated sewerage are allowed to exist. Open untreated sewerage leads to air pollution as toxic gases are emitted by the decomposing waste. In addition to this, urbanization has led to the problem of garbage disposal. In cities with poor urban planning and services, huge garbage dumps are set up in some pa rts of the city. These dumps lead to the degradation of the natural beauty and pollute the air. Dumps also lead to a spread of diseases and pollute the groundwater as the liquid waste seeps into the ground. Some cities make use of mass incinerators to deal with their waste. However, incinerators produce harmful emissions that are released into the environment. Burning of waste therefore contributes to environmental degradation.17 Population Effects A major issue brought about by urbanization is housing. Researchers admit that rapid urbanization leads to housing management problems since the existing houses are unable to meet the demands of the vast number of people moving into the cities.18 Rapid urbanization results in the concentration of people in small tracks of land. Due to rapid and unplanned urban growth, substandard housing and crowding is prevalent in many urban regions in the developing world. This densification negatively affects the poor who are forced to live in slums a nd shanties. Slums have emerged as a common feature in urban settlements in all developing countries and some developed nations. Slums have non-standard and poor quality housing units and they mostly house the poor communities in the urban settlements. The infrastructure available in most slums is degenerative and there is a socially disorganized neighborhood. The decline in rural development has been blamed on urbanization since this process has contributed to rural population decline. While the fertility rates in both urban and rural areas are equal, urban areas have witnessed an increase in population while rural areas have suffered from a decline. The appeal of better employment prospects and access to health and education facilities has led to the increase in rural-urban migration in many nations.19 The youth have emigrated in large numbers from their rural homes to the urban centers. The rural areas have therefore suffered from under development since the individuals who would serve as the labor force for development have migrated to urban areas. Social Effects Urbanization has a marked impact on some of the major social amenities offered by the nation to its citizens. A study on urbanization and education noted that policy makers regard providing education in urban settlements as a pragmatic decision. This perception is based on a number of factors including the fact that urban areas exhibit higher levels of student enrollment in the country’s education system. Governments are therefore more inclined to offer the best education in urban areas compared to rural areas since it is typically cheaper and more efficient to do so. The greater efficiency arises from the fact that a large portion of the urban population is able to pay for these social services. In this way, urban settlements become centers of learning and innovation is encouraged due to urbanization. In addition to this, the government obtains higher returns from providing public services such as education to the urbanized settlements since the urban living provides greater reinforcement for better academic performance. As such, inhabitants of urban areas have better access to education and training facilities. This leads to a greater intellectual and personal development for individuals in the urban settlements. The better access to education and training prompts some people to migrate from the rural to the urban areas. Urbanization has had an effect on the concept of family and gender roles in society. The urbanization process has contributed to the decline of the traditional family concept. New types of households based on partnerships are emerging. Women in the urban areas are more likely to be engaged in the labor market.20 This participation of women in the labor market arises due to a number of reasons. To begin with, urbanization leads to better education opportunities for both genders. Women with a high level of education are likely to be engaged in the lab or market.21 In addition to this, life in the urban settlements is relatively expensive. Families are therefore able to lead lives that are more comfortable if they have two breadwinners. Urbanization has increased the health outcomes of individuals. The overall health, which comprises of an absence of disease and a presence of mental and social well-being in the individual, has increased dramatically because of urbanization.22 Urban settlements lead to the increase in the quality of life for a large segment of the population. Infectious diseases that are exacerbated by poor quality of life such as typhoid and tuberculosis have reduced drastically due to urbanization. However, urbanization has led to an increase in some non-communicable diseases. These diseases have become prevalent due to the lifestyles and behaviors adopted by people in urban settlements.23 Due to poor diets, lifestyle diseases such as obesity and high blood pressure are prevalent in urban areas. The high levels o f pollution due to the presence of industries and many vehicles in urban areas have increased respiratory ailments such as asthma and bronchitis. In addition to this, urban living can result in poorer mental health outcomes. People in the urban space are exposed to greater levels of mental stress at work and in the home setting. Due to a lack of a good social network, urban settlers are likely to succumb to depression and this will interfere with the individual’s ability to operate normally.24 Discussion It should be noted that Urbanization has occurred in a heterogeneous manner. Some cities have grown into highly efficient centers where innovation and development is abundant. In these model cities, opportunities for prosperities for millions of people have been presented with huge gains. On the other hand, some cities have grown in rampant and unplanned manners leading to great inefficiencies. These cities are fragile in nature and present dangers especially for the poorest residents who lack proper housing and a stable means of livelihood. From this paper, it is clear that the urbanization process has social as well as economic implications. While urbanization can be an effective tool of development, it can also lead to detrimental effects. Specifically, expansive and rapid urbanization can lead to poverty, poor quality of life, and environmental degradation. While most developed nations have been able to manage the negative impacts and mitigate them significantly, a majority of the developing nations are struggling to deal with the impacts of urbanization. The World Development Report asserts that rapid and unplanned urban growth is the source of most of the environmental hazards present in urban regions in the developing world.25 For this reason, urbanization is regarded as a serious global problem. Policy makers all over the world have therefore been forced to recognize the negative impacts that unplanned urban development can bring about in their respective countries. As a result, many countries are investing more in urban planning in order to benefit from urbanization and avoid the negative impacts that this process leads to. Modern cities in developed nations are developed with the environment in mind. Steps are taken to improve the health of the city’s air, water, and land resources. The urban settlements have a sustainability plan that incorporates environmental consciousness in the building of the cities.26 Such plans make recommendations on sustainable transportation, energy use, and economic development in the region. Conclusion This paper set out to discuss urbanization and its impacts on the world. It began by noting that the global urban population has risen from a mere 3% of the world population in the early 1800s to a significant 50% by the year 2007. The paper then traced the history of urbanization from the Arabs in the Middle East to the Chinese in Asia. It then proceeded to demonstrate the urbanization has a positive impact on the economy of the country. The social outcomes of the population are also improved by urbanization as people have better access to amenities such as health and education. However, the paper has also illustrated that while urbanization acts as a force of great development on one hand, it exposes the population to numerous risks on the other. It has recorded how urbanization leads to an intensified pressure on natural resources and negative impacts on the environment. Policy makers should take action to mitigate the negative effects of urbanization and ensure that the global community continues to benefit from this process. References Bengtson VL, ‘Beyond the Nuclear Family: The Increasing Importance of Multigenerational Bonds’, Journal of Marriage and Family, vol. 63, no. 1, 2001, pp.1-16. Dociu M Dunarintu A, ‘The Socio-Economic Impact of Urbanization’, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Managem ent Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, 2012, pp. 47-52. Giffin J, Urbanization: Its Effects on Government and Society, Literary Licensing, LLC, London, 2012. Heynen N Kaika M, In the Nature of Cities Urban political ecology and the politics of urban metabolism, Routledge, NY, 2006. Muggah R, Researching the Urban Dilemma: Urbanization, Poverty and Violence. IDRC, Quebec, 2012. Pellow C, Transnational alliances and global politics New geographies of urban environmental justice struggles, Routledge, New York, 2006, Peng X, Chen X Cheng, Y, Urbanization and its consequences, UNESCO-EOLSS. New York, 2010. Thomas, A, ‘Urbanization Before Cities: Lessons for Social Theory from the Evolution of Cities’, Social Sciences, vol. 18, no. 2, 2012, pp. 211-235. Tolley G, Urbanization and Economic Development, 2009. Web. Vlahov D Galea S, Urbanization, urbanicity and health, Academy of Medicine, Oxford University Press, New York, 2002. Wagner L, Urbanization: 21st Century Issues and Challeng es, Nova Publishers, Boston, 2008. Webb B, Sustainability of Groundwater Resources and Its Indicators, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Boston, 2006. Yasin G, Sumaira S Farhan F, ‘Rapid Urbanization as a Source of Social and Ecological Decay: A Case of Multan City, Pakistan’, Asian Social Science, vol. 8, no. 4, 2010, pp. 180-189. Footnotes 1 X Peng, X Chen Y Cheng, Urbanization and its consequences, UNESCO-EOLSS. New York, 2010, p.2. 2 L Wagner, Urbanization: 21st Century Issues and Challenges, Nova Publishers, Boston, 2008, p.30. 3 Ibid, p.3 4 Wagner, p.29. 5 A Thomas ‘Urbanization Before Cities: Lessons for Social Theory from the Evolution of Cities’, Social Sciences, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2012, p. 212 6 Wagner, p. 39. 7 Yasin et al., p.182. 8 Ibid, p. 213. 9 R Muggah, Researching the Urban Dilemma: Urbanization, Poverty and Violence, IDRC, Quebec, 2012, p.1. 10 Yasin et al., p. 181. 11 M Dociu A Dunarintu, ‘The Socio-Economic Impac t of Urbanization’, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2012, p. 50. 12 X Peng et al., p.3. 13 M Dociu A Dunarintu, p.49. 14 B Webb, Sustainability of Groundwater Resources and Its Indicators, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Boston, 2006, p. 54 15 Ibid, p. 59 16 N Heynen M Kaika, In the Nature of Cities Urban political ecology and the politics of urban metabolism, Routledge, NY, 2006, p.43. 17 Ibid, p.44. 18 G Tolley, p.1. 19 Yasin et al., p. 183. 20 M Dociu M A Dunarintu, p. 50. 21 Ibid, p.51. 22 D Vlahov S Galea, Urbanization, urbanicity and health, Academy of Medicine, Oxford University Press, NY, 2002, p.24. 23 Ibid, p. 29. 24 V Bengtson, ‘Beyond the Nuclear Family: The Increasing Importance of Multigenerational Bonds’, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 63, No. 1, 2001, p. 5. 25 G Yasin, et al., p.182. 26 N Heynen M Kaika p.52. This term paper on Urban Economics: The Urbanization Process and its Effects was written and submitted by user Stella Horne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why I Like Architecture Essays - Computer-aided Design, Free Essays

Why I Like Architecture Essays - Computer-aided Design, Free Essays Why I Like Architecture My future as an architect. That is now my goal that I hope to reach hopefully very soon, at first I hadnt considered architecture has a career. When I started high school I was really thinking about becoming a chef because I like to make my own creation in food but then I changed my mind when I explored drafting now I can still design or create but only now in house which is more interesting. I choose drafting because it was a shop that I like and I was good at. From my 4 years of drafting I have acquired basic skill in drafting. I have work on freehanded sketching, actual working on the board I have use the basic tools like compass, protractor, ruler measuring and many other things. Then I moved a step up on to the computer where I spent three of my years there. I learn the CAD system and how it works once learning the system I could do the basic learning about mechanical drafting then I went on to architectual drafting which was the most interesting. In architectural drafting I learn the basic on a whole set of house plans and then I drew them up on AutoCAD on the computer. I really decided to be an architect for a living after my junior year in high school. I hope to have my own business and be very successful if life that is my goal that I must reach. I have been in a state competition for architectural drafting call VICA competing against the best in the state I also like to do many things like exercise by playing basketball, which is my favorite also, playing baseball and football any thing to keep me in shape, so that must mean I not lazy. To follow my goal I hope to go to collage for architecture for six years and get my bachelors then work for a couple of years and then hopefully open my own business and come to reach my goal from the beginning. I think that is a successful life to be in. Bibliography It talks about why its is a goog field to go in

Critical analysis of a book, Nectar in a Sieve Essay

Critical analysis of a book, Nectar in a Sieve - Essay Example The hint of change provided in the lower status of Rukmani’s marriage is carried forward with the building of the tannery in her husband’s village. Conflicts of tradition and the outside world begin to insinuate themselves into Rukmani’s life, bringing change almost faster than she can adjust. Struggling through poverty and heartbreak, as well as the changing socioeconomic culture of their village, Rukmani demonstrates a quiet, pragmatic dignity that is concerned with life. By telling the story of a young Indian woman as she weds her husband and grows old with him, raises a family and suffers several hardships along the way, author Kamala Markandaya strives to present a picture of a changing world and how it is the love of a family that overcomes these tremendous challenges. Markandaya’s novel is a fictional account of an Indian woman’s experience in the rural villages of India presented in first-person narrative voice from Rukmani’s perspective. Because she never provides a village name or date, it is impossible to determine exactly when the story is taking place, giving it a timeless quality that speaks equally today as it did when it was written, shortly after India became independent of Britain. â€Å"Some readers of Nectar in a Sieve see Kamala Markandaya’s portrayal of Indian peasants as mythlike. One figure often mentioned as a model for Rukmani is the goddess Sita. Sita emerged from the earth into life when her stepfather was plowing his fields and became the wife of the Hindu god Rama. In the great epic poem Ramayana, Sita is a symbol of devotion, never-ending patience, and self-sacrifice. In art, she is often shown gazing at Rama with blissful happiness† (â€Å"Study Guide†, n.d.). Rukmani is indeed pr esented as the epitome of self-sacrifice and patience within the novel, consistently working to uphold the traditional beliefs of her

Skin Cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Skin Cancer - Research Paper Example Metastasis is a term that refers to the process of invading and spreading to other body organs. Tumors invade the surrounding tissues and overwhelm them by taking their space as well as the nutrients and oxygen that they require to function as well as survive (Emedicinehealth.com, 1). Rockoff records that skin cancer is the commonest form of human cancer and that it is estimated that every year, more than one million new cases arise. He also asserts that each year, the rates of all skin cancer forms are mounting, which has raised an increasing public concern. Estimates also have it that of all Americans who live to age 65, almost half will get skin cancer no less than once. The classification of skin cancers depends on the types of epidermal cells involved. Different skin cancer types include melanoma, which takes place in the cells that produce pigment/melanocytes. This type of cancer is not so common but the most dangerous since it has a tendency of quickly metastasizing/spreading all over the body. It is the primary cause of skin disease death. There is also basal cell carcinoma/basal cell carcinoma epithelioma, which develops when there is abnormal growth of the cells in epidermis’ lowest layer as well as squamous cell carcinoma, which occurs as a result of changes in the squamous cells, which are found in the epidermis’ middle layer (A.D.A.M., para4). The first phase of squamous cell carcinoma is known as actinic keratosis (Rockoff, 1). The last two cancer types are the most common cancer forms and they are both known as nonmelanoma skin cancer (1). Other nonmelanoma skin cancers include cutaneous lymphoma, merkel cell carcinoma, and kaposi's sarcoma (A.D.A.M., para4). According to the American Cancer Society, most cases of nonmelanoma skin cancers grow on areas of the body that are mostly exposed to the sun, including the backs of the hands, ear, face neck and lips. Additionally, they can be slow or fast growing depending on the type. Howeve r, they hardly ever spread to other body parts. These forms of cancer are very likely to be healed if identified and treated early. Risk factors of Skin Cancer Some of the recognized risk factors for skin cancer include exposure to the sun and sunburn – as earlier noted, skin areas that are frequently exposed to ultraviolet radiation or sunlight are more prone to skin cancer. This is deemed all skin cancers’ primary cause. Others include genetics (having a family history of melanoma); light-colored skin, eyes and hair (fair complexion); atypical/multiple moles; occupational exposures to radium, pitch, coal tar, arsenic compounds or creosote; as well as age – nonmelanoma skin cancers are common mostly past the age of forty (A.D.A.M., para5 & American Cancer Society, para10). Emedicinehealth.com also points other risk factors to include use of tanning booths as well as the immune system’s immunosuppression-impairment, which may be brought about by medicatio ns prescribed to prevent organ transplant rejection or fight autoimmune diseases or can be due to other diseases. Individuals who have numerous, unusual or large moles present at birth, those with certain genetic disorders such as pigmentosum, xeroderma and albinism that deplete skin pigment , and those who experienced severe sunburn

Evaluating Websites Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluating Websites - Essay Example It is a very motivating website for the kids of grade 1 and grade 2 and it is sure to intrigue them. There are several mathematical concepts that have been described very well on this website and the same can be incorporated from this website. It will simply things for the young students. This website is ideal for grade 2 and grade 3 students and it is little advanced than the first website, it talks about noble prize, flags of different countries, various animals and a host of other stuff. The special feature about this website is its trivia; it is intriguing and makes learning very easy. It can teach the students a lot and hence it should be shown to the students in order to ensure that the students learn a lot of new concepts. This is a very advanced level website and it can even be shown to the 5th grade students, it offers a lot of help on subjects like math, science, social studies. It also provides a lot of information on computers, this adds to the utility of this website. The other websites mentioned above don't offer much help on computers but this website is different and hence it should be shown to the students. This website is very useful when it comes to learning English, it offers a variety of stories to choose from. All the stories have intriguing pictures on them and this is a good way of luring the students to read these stories. This website can of good use to the students, this will surely make their language skills sharper and better than never before. This is why this website must be used in the class. Grade5: Kids.Yahoo Link: http://kids.yahoo.com/science Subject: Science This is another very interesting website and certainly the most matured of all the other websites. This website throws light upon concepts like the movement of planets and other related material. It should be shown in the class in order to explain abstruse concepts and in order to make the students understand those abstruse concepts easily. This website has a lot to offer and it must be shown to the students in order to ensure that they learn new concepts with interest.

Mystery And Suspense In Conan Doyles Work English Language Essay

Mystery And Suspense In Conan Doyles Work English Language Essay Arthur Conan Doyle was born on May 22, 1859, in Edinburgh and was educated at Stonyhurst College and the University of Edinburgh. He was a very religious man who was brought up in a Catholic family. He divided his time between medicine and writing the famous stories he is known for today. Arthur Conan Doyle was an eminent author and wrote many successful science fiction stories, historical novels, plays, romances, poetry and his detective Stories which he is most celebrated by today. Conan Doyle made his first appearance in A Study of Scarlet. This was his first Sherlock Holmes story, which was published by Ward Lock. Later he continued to write many successful Titles including; the lost world, the memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, The land of mist and one of his most renowned novels The Hound of The Baskervilles. The Hound of the Baskervilles is set in London and Devonshire, The mystery and suspense is enhanced by having 2 main settings, the contrast of them shows a city and a mysterious empty countryside, this creates atmosphere. The story begins in London when Sir Henry comes up to visit and receives the message warning him not to go to Baskerville hall, which was written in the manuscript. Then many mysterious happenings occurred like Sir Henrys stolen boot and the news paper cuttings; warning him to avoid the moor which read, As you value your life of reason, keep away from the moor. When Holmess attempts at solving the case in London turn out to be dead-ends, they go out to the moor. Later, in Devonshire Baskerville hall is set in the grim melancholy moor, nearby the Grimpen Mire, and it is believed that a spectral hound haunted the Baskerville Family; as each heir to Baskerville hall has experienced a shocking and terrifying death, one by one. After the death of his uncle, Sir Henry mov es into Baskerville hall to claim his family fortune, however his life may be at stake as the hound was said to be loose. The Baskervilles believe that the immortal hound was because of a curse within the family, due to ancestors behaviour. Events in the moor include meeting the neighbours; hearing the sound of the hound; interviews with Mrs. Lyons and Seldens death. The action happens mostly at night, this adds to the mystery and suspense in the story as it emphasises the eerie setting. Arthur Conan Doyle was very successful at creating an atmosphere of mystery and suspense in The Hound of the Baskervilles. He used many different and well crafted techniques to do this. Such as; the use of supernatural and superstition, red herrings, personification, the use of cliff hangers, his creation of settings and his use of metaphors and similes. He kept each chapter more mysterious and exciting as the book went along, and Im positive that others who have read the book would agree with me. In the opening of the story, Watson discovers a walking stick which had been forgotten by Dr. Mortimer from the previous night. Watson tries his best to work out the evidence from the appearance of the walking stick. He notices the engraving on the silver band at the top which read, To James Mortimer, MRCS, from his friends of the CCH. Little does he know, Holmes is using all of his resources at his disposal, he is using a well polished silver plated coffee pot. to see Watsons reflection, and to find out the mystery of the walking stick. As the scene develops Watson couldnt quite work out what the initials meant Whereas Holmes knew there exact meaning. Holmes uses deductive reasoning to find out every detail which builds up the atmosphere of mystery and suspense. The way how Conan Doyle uses his characters really creates an atmosphere of mystery and suspense. Arthur Conan Doyle completely misleads you into believing that Stapleton is an innocent naturalist, who catches butterflies, A small fly or moth fluttered across our path, and in an instant, Stapleton was rushing with extraordinary and speed in pursuit of it. This makes the readers automatically think that he is blameless. However, Stapleton turns out to be the villain in the story. This creates an atmosphere of mystery and suspense as it throws the reader off their initial prediction. Conan Doyle involves the mind of the reader, with the mind of the character; this technique is very effective in The Hound of the Baskervilles as it creates even more mystery and suspense. Throughout the book, Conan Doyle used many examples of red herrings, which created an atmosphere of mystery and suspense. One of the largest red herrings in the novella is Selden, the escape convict. As the reader, I connect ideas together, believing that he must be involved in the murders. However, Selden didnt happen to be involved in any of the mischief; he was just in the wrong place at the wrong time. Another example of the use of red herrings is the false link between Barrymore and the London stalker. This increases the drama and tension within the story. Later in the book Barrymore has been seen signalling the convict late at night; yet this also turns out to be innocent. This made the story very intense and I found myself wanting to sit on the edge of my seat. The contrast of the two settings enhances an atmosphere of mystery and suspense. Conan Doyle cleverly incorporates the two settings in one story; the buzzing city and the forbidding moor. The mystery in London is formed by the spy following Sherlock Holmes every move, the newspaper cuttings and the disappearance of Sir Henrys boot. By thunder if that chap cant find my missing boot there will be trouble. This quotation in particular creates anticipation because it makes the reader question the purpose of taking only one boot, because one boot is of no use to anyone, whereas in Devonshire, the drama builds up to a crescendo more. The eerie settings along with the mysterious events make the atmosphere of mystery and suspense at its climax. Trees moaned and swung in a rising wind. This quotation uses personification which emphasises the ghostly surroundings. Stapletons description of the Grimpen Mire gives the reader a picture of the hostile environment around Baskerville hall. That is t he Grimpen Mire; a false step yonder means death to man or beast. This quotation gives both the reader and Watson a warning concerning the ghastly surroundings. Holmes used deductive methods to solve the mystery in The Hound of the Baskervilles; it was very practical in the story line as it added further mystery and suspense. He revealed one clue at a time; this kept the reader on the edge of their seat, wanting to read on to the next page in the book. Holmes took particular attention to minute details in order to fit all of the information together and for it to make sense, like a jigsaw puzzle. Watsons narrative technique was very important. In the novella as Holmes was absent for most of the story, Watsons opinions and views were shown in a diary, extracts, letters and written accounts that explained how his investigations were developing. This was a key part of the story as it made the reader understand the progress in his investigations. The use of myth and legend in the hound of the Baskervilles adds more mystery within the story. According to the manuscript, the Baskerville curse was brought upon the Baskerville family due to the behaviour of Sir Hugo. From that time, the family had experienced strange deaths and it is believed that these deaths have been caused by a spectral hound. The sound of the Hound created even more drama in the story, The creature gave a hideous howl. This creates an atmosphere of mystery and suspense, particularly so for a Victorian readership because; as you can imagine the Victorians would never of heard of anything so terrifying. Conan Doyles use of cliff hangers also creates an atmosphere of mystery and suspense. Like his other magazine stories; Arthur Conan Doyle finished every chapter with a cliff hanger in The Hound of the Baskervilles. This made the book more exciting and interesting to read and carry on with. Although his book wasnt serialised; he uses the same technique to further the creation of suspense. By ending each chapter in a Cliff Hanger, the reader has to wait to hear what happens; this carries on an atmosphere of mystery and anticipation onto the next chapter. The use of dangerous situations heightens mystery and suspense in the story. Particularly when Holmes and Watson were waiting for Sir Henry in the treacherous moor, this adds more suspicion to the plot of the story; especially when a mist is covering the path and Holmes and Watson can barely see in front of them if he isnt out in a quarter of an hour the path will be covered. In half an hour we wont be able to see our hands in front of us. The Mystery and suspense is created as the reader, we know what can go wrong. Suspense is increased more by the amount of light used to set the scene. Another dangerous situation that creates tension and drama in the story is when Watson discovers a hut amongst the moor, Watson uses his five senses to discover what is happening, and this creates additional mystery and suspense. When Watson was in the hut, he heard a noise and more tension and suspense was created by getting his pistol out of his pocket, I shrank back into the darkest corner, and co cked the pistol in my pocket. This created a sense of danger to the reader because the fact that he has his pistol at the ready makes the reader nervous because Watson may be in danger. The ending would have pleased a Victorian Readership, as it ends happily. However tension is not resolved as we are unsure whether Stapleton truly died on the moor; even Watson and Holmes do not know for sure if he died: But more than that, we were never destined to know, but there was much more which we might surmise. The ending remains satisfying (particularly to a Victorian audience) because the villain is out of the picture, even if not dead. In conclusion, Arthur Conan Doyle creates mystery and suspense in the Hound of the Baskervilles in many ways, which certainly lures the reader onto the next chapter. The superstition created an excellent opening to the story which created many possible routes for the book to follow, this added more suspense. The Hound of The Baskervilles was a Victorian stylised first person narrative novel, this was suitable for a Victorian Readership as it comprised of a happy ending. Conan Doyle used many effective techniques, using cliffhangers at the end of each chapter carried on the suspense further. The use of personification and similes created a magical atmosphere.

Study of Southwest Airlines Essay -- Business Management Studies SWOT

Study of Southwest Airlines 1. What three things impress you most about this company? One thing that really impressed me about Southwest was their ability to maintain high profits and maintain a high customer base even after the September 11 attacks and 2002 recession. Another impressive attribute is the fact that they can keep their prices very low and affordable to customers. The last thing that really impressed me about Southwest Airlines was their management system. Their motto that employees are equal to upper management seemed to me a risky approach, but for Southwest it was a very brilliant and profitable idea. 2. Do a SWOT analysis. (See Exhibit 1 for analysis) STRENGTH * Major profitable airline company since September 11, terror attack * Lower prices than competitors * Friendly service * Short air travel between two cities * Upside-down pyramid management system * Plenty of daily flights * Entertainment for passengers WEAKNESS * Only flies to 29 states * Cannot compete with larger airline companies * Does not utilize a hub system * No first class seating * Smaller seats compared to larger airline companies * Only uses Boeing 737 Airlines OPPORTUNITES * Slash Prices even more to eliminate competitors * Add first class compartment * Expansion into new geographic region * Add flights in areas where rivals were cutting back service * Expand airline fleet to fly longer distances * Add longer, non-stop flights THREATS * New entrants * Increased rivalry * FAA rules and regulations * Government Regulation * Land-based travel such as Amtrak and Greyhound * Other airline companies duplicating Southwest Airlines? strategy 3. What grade would you give Southwest management for the job it has done in crafting the company?s strategy? I would give Southwest management an A grade, for the reason that Southwest Airlines is described as an upside-down pyramid. The upper management is at the bottom and supports the front line employees, who are the experts. This is Herb Kelleher's unorthodox leadership style, in which management decisions are made by everyone in the organization, not just the head executives. The company is described as not having much of an emphasis on structure; instead, employees are encouraged to think freely without constrai... ...mselves and stress the quality of these frills (such as roomier seats). Others, through use of flight hubs, are the only ones who can economically serve remote customers. Another weakness of Southwest Airlines is its preference for Boeing 737s. Being limited to one type of airplane leaves them with little flexibility when the model receives a bad reputation or a critical flaw is discovered. Such would be a costly venture for this company, who has used only one type of airplane, and in the face of a dire situation would face a costly venture of finding replacements or counteracting bad publicity. A possible threat is that since Southwest Airlines' strategy has proven so effective, it will be duplicated by its competitors to a point where it would lose originality. This could result in competitors offering low rates to the areas covered by Southwest and beyond, making Southwest Airlines' range and limitations more obvious. It would be very possible in the near future where a big company, with its hubs (something Southwest does NOT have), would basically introduce Southwest Airlines' low-cost model to a wider market, encroaching and outdoing Southwest Airlines.

Education in Kazakhstan Essay

1.Before going to school, children attend kindergartens until they are six or seven. 2.Compulsory education begins in our country at the age of seven, when children go to primary school. 3.The secondary stage begins from the 5th form when children start studying a lot of new subjects, such as Literature, History, Natural Sci ¬ences and others. 4.Examinations are taken at the end of the 9-th and the 11-th forms. 5.Some children may leave school after the 9-th form and continue their education at vocational or technical schools or colleges. 6.Besides secondary schools there are other types of schools in Ka ¬zakhstan. There are specialized secondary schools with intensive study of a certain subject, for example Foreign Languages, Literature, Physics and others. 7.There are also specialized art, music, ballet and sport schools for gifted children and special schools for handicapped children. 8.Secondary education in our country is free of charge. Among secondary schools there are gymnasiums, colleges and lyceums most of them are private. 9.There are institutes, schools of higher education, universities and academies among higher educational institutions. 10.In 1992 Kazakhstan system of higher education adopted the western model – a 4 years course of studies with getting the Bachelor degree after graduation and a 2 years course of study with getting the Master’s degree after graduation. 11.In order to enter a higher educational institution young people have to take an entrance examination. Only those who successfully pass entrance testing are admitted free of charge. In other cases education is given on the commercial basis.

Creating a Quality Application Essay

Creating a Quality Application Essay There is no question that the application essay process can be a bit intimidating. As someone who has written several admissions essays, I know exactly how exasperating a process it can be! And that is why I have created this website. After years of school and dozens of compositions, I believe that I have come up with an effective formula for writing application essays from which anyone can benefit. If you wish to write a quality application essay, the first thing to which you must commit is the simple fact that it is going to take a while. So, do yourself a favor and get any ideas you might have of completing your admissions essay in a few hours out of your head. In fact, I would recommend that you give yourself at least a month to work on your admissions essay so that you dont feel rushed or anxious (as this could have a negative effect on your writing). The more time you allow for your work, the more fully you will be able to experience the creative process. This is why I believe that every student should start working on his or her application composition several weeks and/or months in advance. If you are planning to apply to college next year, I recommend that you get a calendar and map out a specific schedule for your work. Although this might seem unnecessary, I promise you that making this schedule will aid tremendously in the overall process. Designing a personalized schedule for your work is the first step toward an excellent application essay. Once you have created this schedule, feel free to read on to the next page. In the meanwhile, if you have any questions about admissions essays and/or graduate school essays, please dont hesitate to contact me.

Julissa Brisman and the Craigslist Killer

Julissa Brisman and the Craigslist Killer On April 14, 2009, Julissa Brisman, 25, was meeting a man named Andy who had answered a masseuse ad that she had placed in the Exotic Services section of Craigslist. The two had emailed back and forth to arrange the time and agreed on 10 p.m. that night. Julissa had an arrangement with her friend, Beth Salomonis. It was a security system of sorts. When someone would call the number Julissa had listed on Craigslist, Beth would answer the call. She would then text Julissa that he was on the way. Julissa would then text Beth back when the man left. At around 9:45 p.m. Andy called and Beth told him to go to Julissas room at 10 p.m. She sent a text to Julissa, with a reminder to text her when it was over, but she never heard back from her friend. From Robbery to Murder of  Julissa Brisman At 10:10 p.m. the police were called to the Marriott Copley Place hotel in Boston after hotel guests heard screams coming from a hotel room. The hotel security found Julissa Brisman in her underwear, lying in the doorway of her hotel room. She was covered in blood with a plastic zip-tie around one wrist. EMS rushed her to Boston Medical Center, but she died within minutes of her arrival. At the same time, the investigators were looking at hotel surveillance photos. One showed a young, tall, blond man wearing a cap on an escalator at 10:06 p.m. The man looked familiar. One of the detectives recognized him as the same man who Trisha Leffler had identified as her attacker just four days earlier. Only this time his victim was beaten and shot to death. The medical examiner said Julissa Brisman had suffered a fractured skull in multiple places from being hit with a gun. She was shot three times- one shot to her chest, one to her stomach and one into her heart. She had bruises and welts on her wrists. She had also managed to scratch her attacker. The skin under her nails would provide the DNA of her killer. Beth called Marriott security early the next morning. She had not been able to get in touch with Julissa. Her call was routed to the police and she received the details of what had happened. She hoped by providing the investigators with Andys email address and his cell phone information that it would be of some help. As it turned out, the email address proved to be the most valuable clue to the investigation. The Craigslist Killer Brismans murder was picked up by the news media and the suspect was dubbed the Craigslist Killer (although he is not the only one that has been given this moniker). By the end of the day following the murder, several news organizations  were aggressively reporting on the murder along with copies of the surveillance photos that the police had provided. Two days later the suspect emerged again. This time he attacked Cynthia Melton in a hotel room in Rhode Island, but he was interrupted by the victims husband. Fortunately, he did not use the gun that he had pointed at the couple. He opted to run instead. Clues left behind at each attack led the Boston detectives to the arrest of 22-year-old Philip Markoff. He was in his second year of medical school, engaged and he had never been arrested. Markoff was charged with armed robbery, kidnapping, and murder. Those close to Markoff knew the police had made a mistake and arrested the wrong man. However, over 100 pieces of evidence had turned up, all pointing to Markoff as the right man. Death Before there was a chance for a jury to decide on who was right, Markoff took his own life in his cell at Bostons Nashua Street Jail. The Craigslist Killer case ended abruptly and without the victims or their loved ones feeling like justice had been served.

Motivations for public sector organizations to move from traditional Essay

Motivations for public sector organizations to move from traditional procurement to eprocurement systems - Essay Example Private sector organisations have embraced information and communication technologies, including e-procurement. The motivation for doing so has largely been increased efficiency, contributing to the enhancement of business excellence, and cost effectiveness. Public sector organisations have, in comparison, lagged behind and, in general, have been slow in adopting ICT. Management scholars have blamed the said tardiness on the organisational structure of public sector forms but have, nevertheless, argued the incontrovertible imperatives of the public sector's embracing the said technologies (Dent, Chandler and Barry, 2004). Concurring with the stated, this research will argue in favour of the public sector's adoption of e-procurement as a strategy for enhancing organisational efficiency and for embracing cost-effectiveness. Management scholars have determined that public sector organisations are largely modelled after the traditional bureaucratic organisational structure, as influenced by Weber (Cane and Thurston, 2000; Dent, Chandler and Barry, 2004). The implication is that all of the four components of organisational structure-labour division, departmentalisation, span of control and scope of decision-making-are shaped by bureaucratic-traditionalist managerial theory. This, according to numerous management scholars, has only served to offset the capacity for flexible response to changing external conditions and has, in the long run, resulted in the formulation of mechanistic and atrophying organisations (Cane and Thurston, 2000; Flynn, 2002; Dent, Chandler and Barry, 2004). As explained by Flynn (2002) among others, labour division within the public sector organisation is invariably highly specialised. Task specialisations are clearly articulated and each employee has a specific set of job functions, clearly set out in his/her job description, which he/she must operate by (Bourn and Bourn, 1995; Flynn, 2002). While the advantages of specialisation and clearly articulated job descriptions are practically too numerous to articulate, the disadvantages are enormous. Certainly specialisation implies that employees are often matched to jobs according to their skill-sets and explicit job descriptions mean that employees always have a clear understanding of the tasks they are required to perform and know the boundaries of their professional responsibilities (Bourn and Bourn, 1995; Flynn, 2002; Mctavish, 2004). Excessive specialisation, however, as is often the case with private sector organisations means that employees cannot function beyond the parameters of t heir jobs and are devoid of the proactive, problem-solving skills which are deemed integral to contemporary organisational success (Bourn and Bourn, 1995; Flynn, 2002; Mctavish, 2004). Quite simply, employees are confined to the limits of the skills that they brought with them upon joining the organisation, and on which basis they were hired, and their job descriptions. As early as the 1960's, management

Information Technology Enhanced Management of Schools Dissertation

Information Technology Enhanced Management of Schools - Dissertation Example What is necessary to overcome the aforementioned obstacle may be roundtable discussions at many of the nation’s schools, where committee members meet to identify and discuss the issues at hand. Among things to consider is what is and what is not doable at the hands of a particular school, a definition of what it means to be productive in an academic sense, and a definition of how information technology may enhance that definition (Massy and Zemsky, 2008). â€Å"First, the demand for IT-based teaching and learning programs will grow substantially, probably exponentially, over the next decade. In an economy that is itself increasingly knowledge-based, the new information technologies offer an economical means of providing the continuous education the U.S. now requires as well as a more readily accessible form of post-secondary education and credentialing. Second, IT will change teaching and learning profoundly, no matter what the response of traditional higher education institutions. Just as the development of the printing press forever changed the teaching enterprise, IT represents a fundamental change in the basic technology of teaching and learning† (Massy and Zemsky, 2008, pg. 1). Information technology itself offers a large amount of potential, but it requires a fundamental shift in the way institutions operate. It is essential, then, that those who wish to implement information technology within an institution understand what changes must take place on levels that are practical to that institution. The first step is to take a look at the pros and cons of the integration of information technology into a school, including both administrative and teaching processes. Then, any barriers the school may face when integrating that technology must be considered on both an internal and external level (Massy and Zemsky, 2008; Armstrong, 2007; and Estabrooks, 1995). Schools across the nation are encountering many difficulties when they attempt to adopt a variety of new technologies. First of all, should information technology comprise the primary means of teaching students in today's elementary schools Second, should entire school systems be technologically enhanced Third, how is all of this going to be paid for (Kumpulainen and Wray, 2002 and Olson, Malone,

Quantitative Easing - Decreasing Interest Rates Research Paper

Quantitative Easing - Decreasing Interest Rates - Research Paper Example The practice is entirely different from the usual approach of purchasing and selling government bonds to maintain a targeted market interest rate. It must be emphasized that a central bank uses new electronically created money for the purchase of financial assets in order to implement quantitative easing policy. This practice is helpful for increasing excess bank reserves which in turn may lower yields. The ultimate goal of the quantitative easing policy is to cut down long-term interest rates so as to stimulate economic activities. For this purpose, monetary authorities purchase financial assets of longer maturity and thereby reduce long-term interest rates on the yield curve. In addition, the tool of quantitative easing is very helpful to ensure that inflation rate does not fall below the targeted level. This paper will analyze the pros and cons of quantitative easing and will discuss whether the Fed has a choice of using this tool in a highly recessionary economy. Benefits of Quan titative Easing As Elliott (2009) purports, the unconventional quantitative easing monetary policy may assists banks to keep excess reserves with them and hence to lend largely to businesses and individual borrowers. In turn, businesses will use these additional funds to finance productive activities including infrastructure development and R&D. Similarly, individual borrowers will use this new fund for their day to day activities or investment purposes. This will ensure effective circulation of money throughout the economy. Hence, these increased economic activities will certainly assist the economy to come out of stagnation and stimulate economic growth. Since this monetary tool is helpful to keep the inflation at a moderate level, it assists regulators to prevent the economy from falling into deflationary conditions. According to Kollewe (as cited in the guardian, 2009), US, UK, and Japan are very much interested in quantitative easing policies as a way to stabilize economic grow th. The writer points out that the US was the first country which used quantitative easing as a response to its recessionary conditions. According to International Monetary Fund, the major developed countries that deployed the quantitative easing policy since the beginning of the 21st century were less affected by the 2008 global financial crisis as compared to other industrially developed economies. During the 2008 global financial crisis, it has been identified that the quantitative easing boosted the financial markets by adding liquidity. A weaker currency that amplified export demand is also identified to be one of the major desirable side effects of quantitative easing policy. To a certain extent, the quantitative easing technique has assisted economies to diminish unemployment rate. While analyzing the US economy, it is obvious that this unconventional monetary tool has played a crucial role in the economy in overcoming the dreadful impacts of the 2008 global financial crisis. As per the report of Hermansson (2010), economists hold the view that US’ entire budget deficit would be funded for a fiscal year, if the quantitative easing has been set as high as $1 trillion. In order to take advantages of the quantitative easing policy, the Fed used the returns of previous bond purchases to acquire new long-term financial assets in 2010.  

Hotel Rwanda - The Rwandan Genocide Essay Example for Free

Hotel Rwanda The Rwandan Genocide Essay Hotel Rwanda is a film about the genocide that transpired within the premises of the city of Kigali, the heart of Rwanda during the year 1994. This evil act lasted for 100 days killing thousands of innocent lives of Rwandan men, women and children. But in the film, it did not focus on the genocide. Instead, it shed a light on the heroic and courageous deed of one ordinary man in an effort to save the lives of some of his countrymen. In the movie, almost all of the aspects of the genocide were tackled including the powerlessness of the United Nations to put a stop to the violent killings perpetrated by the Rwandan government and the Hutu rebels against the Tutsis. This was very much evident when the character of Dan Cheadle was promised by the UN Colonel that he, his family and all the refugees at the Milles Collines will be rescued. But when the colonel had a talk with another UN officer, the plan seemed to have changed. The colonel explained that only foreign nationals were allowed to leave Rwanda. Only a small number of troops were instructed to uphold peacekeeping and not peacemaking meaning they were not allowed to shoot at anyone even if they commit violent actions. More so, the minimal involvement of the international organizations and their eventual negligence over the escalating killings in Rwanda played a pivotal role in the increased deaths of thousands of people. Instead of helping the Tutsis to take refuge to a safer place in neighboring countries, these organizations decided not to get involve because of the misconception that nothing can restore the peace and order in an anarchic setting. Moreover in the movie, a Red Cross worker drew some attention because of how she showed her bravery by setting aside her fears and her own welfare just to save a few people from being mercilessly killed by the Hutus. Some aid workers decided to stay in order to help while others chose to flee in order to protect their welfare. Overall, the movie generated an accurate depiction of the Rwandan genocide. However, some controversial issues were downplayed like the role of the French in the uprising and arming of the Hutu rebels. After the genocide, some reports have surfaced that implicated a few French politicians and the French military with this tragic incident. According to the results of the findings of an â€Å"Independent Rwandan Commission,† the French government was â€Å"aware of preparations for the genocide and helped train the ethnic Hutu militia perpetrators. The report included that France provided the Hutus with â€Å"political, military, diplomatic and logistical support. † For almost 2 years, the commission had gathered data and interviewed several survivors. All the information that had been obtained, served as testimonies to the participation of the French government in the killing of almost 800,000 civilians in the span of 100 days (BBC, 2008). But the French vehemently refu ted the accusations. In their defense, they stated that the allegations were biased because the commission has only one thing in mind and that is to prove that the French are guilty. The â€Å"French Foreign Ministry said â€Å"there is no surprise in the conclusions of the commission given its mission† (CNN, 2008). Aside from this, the film also failed to include the admission of the United Nations of its failure to prevent the genocide. But for the UN, this became a learning experience. They realized that people should not be neglected specifically in times of dire need when lives are at stake (BBC, 2000). Given this new angle in the Rwandan genocide, it should have been also portrayed in the movie. This would have given viewers more accurate representation of what really happened in Rwanda in April 1994. Also, this would have been a chance for the whole world to determine who the real culprits were in one of the worst humanitarian crisis of the 20th century. More so, these events could have provided a comprehensive outlook on how humans are capable of doing horrendous and brutal acts just to have power and control.

The Use Of Merit Pay And Incentives Essay -- essays research papers

The Use of Merit Pay and Incentives The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of Merit Pay and Incentives as motivators for increased productivity. The key focus is the system at Richmond Memorial Hospital. To do so, one must begin at the beginning†¦.. The use of financial incentives (financial rewards) paid to workers whose production exceeds some predetermined standard was popularized by Frederick Taylor in the late 1800s. As a supervisory employee of the Midvale Steel Company, he had become concerned with what he called "systematic soldiering". This was the tendency of employees to work at the slowest pace possible and the fact that some of these same workers still had the energy to run home and work on their cabins, even after a hard 12-hour day. Taylor knew that if he could find some way to harness this energy during the workday, huge productivity gains would be achieved (REFERENCE?). Thus was born the concept of motivational and incentive systems. What is "motivation?" The root word is "move" which would mean that anyone who is moved to do something is motivated. Therefore, sitting on a tack, or at least the pain associated with it is a motivator. For those of us in Graduate School, we are aware that without a "B" average we will be eliminated from the program. Maintaining that average is our motivator. Attaining the certificate of graduation is our incentive. In psychology, at its most basic, a motivator is that which impels or compels an individual to act toward meeting a need. On a physiological level, thirst, hunger and sex are motivators or drives. They are basic needs which must be met. Relating this to a hospital environment, it is not base compensation which drives the employee, but what the base compensation can satisfy in a higher level of needs. Money can't buy love, but it can buy some security such as insurance benefits. After basic and security needs are met, compensation is not the motivator, but what compensation represents is (REFERENCE?). One statement that must be made before continuing is that needs are varied and can occur concurrently or over a period of hours or days, etc. And, needs are mixed. Hunger is a drive: The satisfaction of hunger can take several forms and, usually, when one is hungry one also is a little thirsty. Then, if the book, Tom Jones (AUTHOR, YEAR), was any indica... ...endations based on sustained performance (REFERENCE?). Another type of pay system is Pro-Pay where employees can receive lump sum merit bonuses once they reach the top of their pay range and is only paid for above average performance (REFERENCE?). Star/Superstar programs are where employees who represent the top ten percent of performers receive lump sum bonuses. Along with a Pay for Performance system, there must also be in place a incentive system. (Grossman, YEAR?). Pay perform & prod (next lines) (INCOMPLETE SENTENCE) "Many US business owners are finding that turning to incentive programs is a good way to boost productivity and improve morale† (REFERENCE- NEED PAGE NUMBER FOR DIRECT QUOTE).. A properly structured incentive-driven system (IDS) provides several methods and levels of compensation. All IDS systems must be tailored to each organization. What works in a hospital may not work in academia (Dressler, YEAR?). It is usually a mistake to implement an incentive plan without input from employees. Management should use a program design team composed of employees and supervisors. They could work with Human Resources in the development of The Use Of Merit Pay And Incentives Essay -- essays research papers The Use of Merit Pay and Incentives The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of Merit Pay and Incentives as motivators for increased productivity. The key focus is the system at Richmond Memorial Hospital. To do so, one must begin at the beginning†¦.. The use of financial incentives (financial rewards) paid to workers whose production exceeds some predetermined standard was popularized by Frederick Taylor in the late 1800s. As a supervisory employee of the Midvale Steel Company, he had become concerned with what he called "systematic soldiering". This was the tendency of employees to work at the slowest pace possible and the fact that some of these same workers still had the energy to run home and work on their cabins, even after a hard 12-hour day. Taylor knew that if he could find some way to harness this energy during the workday, huge productivity gains would be achieved (REFERENCE?). Thus was born the concept of motivational and incentive systems. What is "motivation?" The root word is "move" which would mean that anyone who is moved to do something is motivated. Therefore, sitting on a tack, or at least the pain associated with it is a motivator. For those of us in Graduate School, we are aware that without a "B" average we will be eliminated from the program. Maintaining that average is our motivator. Attaining the certificate of graduation is our incentive. In psychology, at its most basic, a motivator is that which impels or compels an individual to act toward meeting a need. On a physiological level, thirst, hunger and sex are motivators or drives. They are basic needs which must be met. Relating this to a hospital environment, it is not base compensation which drives the employee, but what the base compensation can satisfy in a higher level of needs. Money can't buy love, but it can buy some security such as insurance benefits. After basic and security needs are met, compensation is not the motivator, but what compensation represents is (REFERENCE?). One statement that must be made before continuing is that needs are varied and can occur concurrently or over a period of hours or days, etc. And, needs are mixed. Hunger is a drive: The satisfaction of hunger can take several forms and, usually, when one is hungry one also is a little thirsty. Then, if the book, Tom Jones (AUTHOR, YEAR), was any indica... ...endations based on sustained performance (REFERENCE?). Another type of pay system is Pro-Pay where employees can receive lump sum merit bonuses once they reach the top of their pay range and is only paid for above average performance (REFERENCE?). Star/Superstar programs are where employees who represent the top ten percent of performers receive lump sum bonuses. Along with a Pay for Performance system, there must also be in place a incentive system. (Grossman, YEAR?). Pay perform & prod (next lines) (INCOMPLETE SENTENCE) "Many US business owners are finding that turning to incentive programs is a good way to boost productivity and improve morale† (REFERENCE- NEED PAGE NUMBER FOR DIRECT QUOTE).. A properly structured incentive-driven system (IDS) provides several methods and levels of compensation. All IDS systems must be tailored to each organization. What works in a hospital may not work in academia (Dressler, YEAR?). It is usually a mistake to implement an incentive plan without input from employees. Management should use a program design team composed of employees and supervisors. They could work with Human Resources in the development of

Are the Views of the Roman Catholic Church Out of Touchs?

This essay does not intend to cause offence, come across as heretical or blasphemous in any way. Obviously, every single view the Roman Catholic Church holds are not out of touch with modern day attitudes, but this essay focuses on the views of the Church which are currently discussed most frequently. The controversy and criticism surrounding the Catholic Church in this day and age is of staggering proportions.It would be very difficult to pick up the same newspaper every day for a year and not at least once read a headline like ‘Catholic Bishop Denounces Gay Couples’ Right to Marriage’ or ‘Catholic Church Once Again Speaks Out Against Contraception Use’. It’s clear that some of the views of the Catholic Church can discriminate, intimidate, and generally infuriate people. The modern man or woman, in most cultures and societies is free to be gay, use contraception or become a priest regardless of your gender.However, the Catholic Church still ta kes an almost medieval approach to these issues, and by doing so has caused much outrage over the past few decades. Is this an ‘adapt or die’ situation? Is it the case that the Roman Catholic Church needs to be dragged kicking and screaming into the 21st century? Or are their traditional views still applicable today? It’s very easy to say that some of the views of the Roman Catholic Church are outrageously out of touch with the modern world, what with all the bad press it receives these days.But these views are based on beliefs that date back thousands of years. You might argue that, to keep up with today’s open and ever-changing society, the Catholic Church should allow room for adjustments to their views that they hold so firmly. However, some find it quite arrogant that people could be so bold as to suggest such a thing, considering these views are millennia old. Certain theories (and I stress the word ‘theories’) about some issues, such as the idea that homosexuality is acceptable, have been around for merely decades.Why should Catholics change their belief system, which is based on the near-on two thousand year old scriptures and the teachings of their current church, just because widely popular but relatively new ‘theories’ about matters that they deem sinful are becoming commonly accepted among many different cultures? It would be like demolishing the Sistine Chapel and rebuilding it but with galvanised steel and glass, just because those materials are popular choices for many large buildings these days. We cannot simply get rid of some beliefs that date back two millennia because of the opposing beliefs of opular demand. It’s important in this time when authority is challenged, people with a strong moral compass are hard to come by and human life is not valued very highly that we hold on to traditional Christian beliefs. If we did away with tradition and completely modernised the Catholic Chur ch we’d have the Pope going out on Saturday nights, drinking his own body weight in alcoholic beverages, starting violent fights with anyone who accidently bumps into him then find the nearest tipsy female and get her pregnant in a drunken one-night-stand.This may be a slight exaggeration, but you get the point: if we start picking away and changing the traditional beliefs then we end up with a church people will find hard to take seriously because of its lack of moral principal. If you signed a contract and then without telling you the contractor went against certain terms and condition within the contract I would imagine that you’d be jolly annoyed and completely lose any trust you had in that contractor. Some say that the Catholic Church is not out of touch with modern day mores, but simply sticking to tradition in order to remain a strong and consistent church.Whilst tradition is important, for the Catholic Church to grow and to rid itself of its controversial labe ls, the fact of the matter is it needs to adjust and update itself to fit modern day attitudes. Its views on homosexuality, contraception and female ordination are very much stuck in a previous century, and if it does wish to grow then it will have to find a new approach to such issues. It’s clear to most that being gay is acceptable in this day and age. Contraception usage is encouraged in most parts of the world.Women becoming priests is allowed by many cultures. However, the Catholic Church denounces all of these things, most of the time openly. In the eyes of the Roman Catholic faith, being gay or using a condom is sinful. Can a Church that classifies these such things as sinful really grow in today’s open, free-speaking society? The Catholic Church teaches that homosexual behaviour is a violation of divine and natural law; basically, being gay is sinful. 10% of the population of the world is gay or has had a homosexual experience.Linking these two facts together, surely this doesn’t mean that the Catholic Church deems 10% of the population sinners, doomed to spend an eternity in the fiery pits of hell? Today, homosexuality is widely accepted by many communities. You would’ve thought that because of this, the Catholic Church would keep relatively quiet about their views on the subject. But they are not afraid to preach their beliefs through the media. In September last year, it made the headlines that the Scottish government was holding a consultation on whether gay marriage should be introduced.Not long after this did the proposal come under fire from the Roman Catholic Church. The Bishop of Paisley Philip Tartaglia (who was tipped to be the next Archbishop of Glasgow) said that a Scottish government that backed gay marriage did not deserve the support of the Catholic community. This came after the most senior Scottish catholic, Cardinal Keith O'Brien, said legalising gay marriage would â€Å"shame Scotland in the eyes of the world†. There’s no doubt that this story would not fail in making homosexuals in Scotland feel discriminated.Discrimination on this scale belongs in pre-1970’s America and in history books and should not still be making headlines today. The Catholic Church does not have the right to discriminate against homosexuals, and if they feel that it is their faith that teaches them to do so, then their faith is most certainly out of touch with the world as it is and needs to update itself. Christian acceptance of contraception use is relatively new; up until the start of the 20th century all churches frowned upon the use of artificial contraception.In modern times, many churches say it is acceptable to use contraception, but the Roman Catholic Church still forbids it. It regards the use of contraception as intrinsically evil for a variety of reasons. The main issue for Catholics is that using contraception is against ‘natural law’; the purpose of sex is to pr oduce offspring. Catholics have held this belief about sex and contraception since the beginning of Christianity. These days, birth control is widely accepted and even promoted in the West, and it looks like the Catholic Church might be fighting a losing battle.A study carried out in 2008 suggests that most practising Catholics are ignoring the Church's teachings on contraception and sex. 1,500 Mass-goers in England and Wales were surveyed by The Tablet magazine. It was found that the contraceptive pill is used by 54. 5% and nearly 69% had used or would consider using condoms. These statistics come 40 years after Pope Paul VI forbade birth control use in his encyclical Humanae Vitae (Of Human Life). The survey also found that more than half think that the teaching should be revised.With figures such as this, coupled with the fact that most people in the West consider using a condom or other forms of contraception the normal and right thing to do, it appears that the Catholic Church is out of touch with modern society on the issue of contraception usage. The idea that a female should become a priest would have been utterly preposterous just a few decades ago, but now in many churches, such as the Anglican Church and most branches of the Protestant Church, the ordination of women is completely acceptable.Although not the only Church that does so, the Roman Catholic Church is possibly the most vocal of Christian churches to denounce the right for women to be ordained. In fact, in 2007 the Holy See issued a decree stating that the attempted ordination of women would result in automatic excommunication for the women and priests trying to ordain them. Once again, here we see an example where the Roman Catholic Church is lagging behind the fast moving modern day. The idea that only a man should be allowed to become a priest is, many believe, sexist.Granted, other Churches, such as the Orthodox Church, take the same view on such matters, but it’s not a case of ‘everybody does it, so it’s fine’. If the Catholic Church wants to seem less repellent towards the modern day man or (in this case in particular) woman, it needs to adapt itself. A survey carried out by the Association of Catholic Priests (ACP) showed that 77% of Irish Catholics wanted women priests. With figures such as these, it’s clear that an update of the views of the Roman Catholic Church is very much in demand.The subject of abortion is one of great debate and controversy. Not everybody agrees with abortion, but if women choses to abort an unborn baby, for whatever reason, then that is her decision and she will have to live with that. The Roman Catholic Church takes a very firm line on the matter of abortion, saying that deliberately causing one is a grave moral wrong. Having an abortion has led to automatic excommunication from the Catholic Church since the sixteenth century.Unless under strict conditions (laid out by the Canon Law, which states te n extreme circumstances In the past, the Roman Catholic Church has come under attack for being too strict and too extreme over some issues that, in the 21st century, are in common practice, such as being gay or using a condom during sex. Admittedly, tradition is important and sticking to it shows a firm and consistent church, but is a church which openly deems homosexuality, contraception and female ordination sinful really able to remain strong in a society where such things are widely accepted?To use a final analogy: every successful species on earth has had the ability to evolve – adapt to its surrounding. If an animal does not evolve then in more cases than not, that animal will die. The fact of the matter is the Catholic Church has not evolved since its birth some two thousand years ago. To survive it must adapt, because at the moment the only conclusion I can come to is that some of the views of the Roman Catholic Church are very much out of touch with modern day mores.